Kidney Replacement Therapy
IDEAL trial and symptom-based initiation, lead time bias, peritoneal dialysis (CAPD, APD, tidal), PET transport classification, hemodialysis circuit design, post-dialysis potassium rebound, vascular access comparison, and Kt/V adequacy measurement.
High-Volume Hemodiafiltration
Five landmark RCTs (CONTRAST through CONVINCE), 23–37% mortality reduction, convection volume calculations with clinical examples, 5-week implementation protocol, troubleshooting algorithms, medication dosing adjustments, and US FDA status.